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朱英浩¹   ,  孟金龍²  ,  楊平科²

( 1 .  正元地理信息集團股份有限公司 ，北京 101399 ;

2.  山東正元地球物理信息技術有限公司，山東 濟南 250101)

摘   要： 目前提出的城市地形測量無法對數據進行量化處理，導致測量效果較差 。為了解決上述問題 ，基于 GIS 和無人機航攝測量技術研究了一種新的城市數字地形測量方法 。通過明確坐標，計算航線的均方差來對無人機航線進行選擇，根據城市地形高度曲線圖提取城市地形數據，確定線性數 、面性數 、球性數和垂直度數等幾何特征 。利用地形數值計算參數模擬分析地形數值 。通過攝像機姿態參數分析，建立 3D模型，實現場景融合 ，計算無人機設備采集數值，建立管理平臺，實現數值測量 。實驗結果表明，基于 GIS 和無人機航攝測量技術的城市數字地形測量方法能夠通過量化處理對數字地形進行精準測量，無人機軌跡的絕對誤差在 0. 25%以內， 軌跡精度低于5 cm ,  坐標精度低于 3 cm。

關鍵詞 ：GIS ;  無人機航攝 ；測量技術 ；城市數字 ；數字地形 ；地形測量 ；測量方法

中圖分類號 ：P208           

文獻標志碼 ：A            

文章編號 ：1005- 8249  (2023)   06- 0134- 07

DOI : 10. 19860/j . cnki . issn1005- 8249. 2023 . 06. 022

ZHU Yinghao ¹  ,  MENG Jinlong² ,  YANG Pingke²

(1 . Zhengyuan Geomatics  Group Co. ，Ltd. ，Beijing 101399 ,   China;

2. Shandong Zhengyuan Geophysical Information Technology Co. ，Ltd. ，Jinan 250101 ,   China)

Absrtact: At present, the urban topographic survey can not quantify the data, resulting in poor measurement results. In order to solve the above problems, a new urban digital topographic survey method is studied based on GIS and UAV aerial photogrammetry technology. The UAV route is selected by specifying the coordinates and calculating the mean square deviation of the route. The urban terrain data is extracted according to the urban terrain height curve, and the geometric characteristics such as linear number, areal number, spherical number and vertical degree are determined. Terrain numerical calculation parameters are used to simulate and analyze terrain numerical values. Through the analysis of camera attitude parameters, a 3D model is established to achieve scene fusion, calculate UAV equipment acquisition values, establish a management platform, and achieve numerical measurement. The experimental results show that the urban digital terrain measurement method based on GIS and UAV aerial photogrammetry technology can accurately measure the digital terrain through quantitative processing. The absolute error of UAV collection is within 0.25%, the track accuracy is less than 5cm, and the coordinate accuracy is less than 3cm.

Keywords: GIS; UAV aerial photography; measurement technology; city figures; digital terrain; topographic survey; measuring method

作者簡介 ：朱英浩  (1977—) ,  男 ，本科 ，工程師 ，研究方向 ：工程測量。

通信作者 ：孟金龍  (1981 —) ,  男 ，漢族 ，本科 ，高級工程師 ，主要研究方向 ：測繪地理信息技術與應用。

收稿日期 ：2023- 10- 09