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宋小平1,  周衛軍1,  張號2,  蘇峰格1,  張邵賀1

(1 . 中國有色金屬工業西安勘察設計研究院有限公司，陜西 西安 710054 ;

2. 自然資源部陜西測繪產品質量監督檢驗站，陜西 西安 710054)

摘 要：常規建筑墻體微小裂縫監測方法忽略了噪聲點對裂縫圖像像素點分布的影響，導致最終監測精度較低。為此，提出基于多視角三維激光掃描技術的建筑墻體微小裂縫監測方法。采用多視角三維激光掃描技術 對墻體裂縫灰度圖像進行采集，對圖像進行濾波處理，以減少噪聲點對像素分布的影響并通過求取裂縫點的特征密度值與二值化分離系數，完成圖像灰度標定，結合掃描參數臨界值，移除非目標區域的點云數據， 由此分割裂縫圖像的目標區域，以此為依據，對裂縫圖像目標區域進行仿射變換并求取裂縫的形心，進而得到裂縫的分布區間，實現墻體微小裂縫的監測。結果表明：將設計的方法應用于建筑墻體微小裂縫監測中，得到的監測 值與實際值偏差較小，監測精度較高。

關鍵詞：多視角三維激光掃描技術；建筑墻體；微小裂縫；監測

中圖分類號：TN249 

文獻標志碼：A 

文章編號：1005- 8249 (2024) 03- 0163- 06 

DOI：10.19860/j.cnki.issn1005-8249.2024.03.031

SONG Xiaoping1 , ZHOU Weijun1 ,  ZHANG Hao2,   SU  Fengge1,  ZHANG Shaohe1

1 . Xi’an Engineering Investigation and Design Research Institute of China National Non - ferrous

Metals Industry, Xi’an 710054, China; 

2. Shaanxi Surveying and Mapping Production Supervision

and Inspection Station, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xi’an 710054, China

Abstract : Conventional monitoring methods for small cracks in building walls often use pole feature clustering algorithms , but ignore the impact of noise points on the pixel distribution of crack images , resulting in low final monitoring accuracy. Therefore , a monitoring method for small cracks in building walls based on multi perspective 3D laser scanning technology is proposed. Using multi perspective 3D laser scanning technology to collect grayscale images of wall cracks , filter and process the images to reduce the impact of noise points on pixel distribution. By calculating the feature density value and binary separation coefficient of crack points , the image grayscale calibration is completed. Combined with the critical values of scanning parameters , point cloud data from non target areas is removed , and the target area of the crack image is segmented based on this , Perform affine transformation on the target area of the crack image and obtain the centroid of the crack , thereby obtaining the distribution interval of the crack and achieving wall miniaturization; Monitoring of points. The comparative experimental results show that when the designed method is applied to monitoring small cracks in building walls , the deviation between the monitoring values obtained and the actual values is small , and the monitoring accuracy is high.

Keywords : multi perspective 3D laser scanning technology; building walls; minor cracks; monitoring

作者簡介：宋小平 (1982—) , 男，本科，高級工程師，研究方向： 工程測量、攝影測量、地理信息系統等。

收稿日期：2023- 12- 01